图1 GPCR的结构[1]
人GPCR家族根据其氨基酸序列分为A类(视紫红质)、B类(促胰液素和粘附)、C类(谷氨酸)和F类(卷曲)亚家族。
图2 GPCR分类[2]
图3 GPCR信号转导通路[3]
以GPCR为靶点的药物研发现状
GPCR与G蛋白亚单位结合,触发各种第二信使的生成,调节涵盖生理功能和病理状况的各个方面,这些病理状况包括代谢综合征、肥胖、糖尿病、NAFLD等。由于其表面可及性和特定的信号传导机制,GPCRs被视为“可成药基因组”中最大的靶点类别。其中,靶向A类的GPCRs成药靶点最多,其次是B类。据报道,目前批准的药物中近40%是它们的激动剂或拮抗剂。
图4 GPCR药物治疗领域[4]
hCCR8(v2) (NM-HU-2000054) 研究案例
Fig2. Efficacy study of PF06882961 in hGLP1R mice. PF06882961 has shown significant effect in hGLP1R mice in OGTT study, but no effect in C57BL/6 mice.
Fig4. Detection of human GLP-1R expression in HO hGLP-1R knockin mice by IHC. Pancreas, salivary gland, colon, heart, lung, brian, stomach and duodenum were collected from homozygous hGLP-1R mice (HO/HO), and analyzed by IHC with anti-human GLP-1R antibody. Human GLP-1R is specifically expressed in islets of the pancreas. Abbr. HO/HO, homozygous.
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Reference:
[1] Schneider J, Korshunova K, Musiani F, Alfonso-Prieto M, Giorgetti A, Carloni P. Predicting ligand binding poses for low-resolution membrane protein models: Perspectives from multiscale simulations. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2018;498(2):366-374. doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.01.160
[2] Hutchings CJ. A review of antibody-based therapeutics targeting G protein-coupled receptors: an update. Expert Opin Biol Ther. 2020;20(8):925-935. doi:10.1080/14712598.2020.1745770
[3] Zhang M, Chen T, Lu X, Lan X, Chen Z, Lu S. G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs): advances in structures, mechanisms, and drug discovery. Signal Transduct Target Ther. 2024;9(1):88. Published 2024 Apr 10. doi:10.1038/s41392-024-01803-6
[4] Hutchings CJ. A review of antibody-based therapeutics targeting G protein-coupled receptors: an update. Expert Opin Biol Ther. 2020;20(8):925-935. doi:10.1080/14712598.2020.1745770
[5] Yang D, Zhou Q, Labroska V, et al. G protein-coupled receptors: structure- and function-based drug discovery. Signal Transduct Target Ther. 2021;6(1):7. Published 2021 Jan 8. doi:10.1038/s41392-020-00435-w
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上海南方模式生物科技股份有限公司(Shanghai Model Organisms Center, Inc.,简称"南模生物"),成立于2000年9月,是一家上交所科创板上市高科技生物公司(股票代码:688265),始终以编辑基因、解码生命为己任,专注于模式生物领域,打造了以基因修饰动物模型研发为核心,涵盖多物种模型构建、饲养繁育、表型分析、药物临床前评价等多个技术平台,致力于为全球高校、科研院所、制药企业等客户提供全方位、一体化的基因修饰动物模型产品解决方案。